Physics 12

അറ്റോമിക് എനർജി, ആണവ നിലയങ്ങൾ, ഭൗതികശാസ്ത്രത്തിലെ പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ എന്നിവയുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ചോദ്യങ്ങളാണ് ഇന്നത്തെ പാഠത്തിൽ

• Father of Nuclear Physics

                 Ernest Rutherford

• Father of Nuclear Physics in India

                 Homi J Bhabha

• SI unit of radio activity

                 Becquerel

• Another unit of radio activity

                 Curie (1 Curie = 1010 Becquerel)

• Changing of one radio active element to another is called as

                 Transmutation

• Alpha and Beta rays are discovered by

                 Ernest Rutherford

• Gama rays discovered by

                 Paul U Williard

• Order of velocities of radiation rays

                 Gamma> Beta > Alpha

• Radiation rays travelling with velocity of light

                 Gamma Rays

• Alpha anpartcle equivalent to 

                 Helium nucleus

• Beta anpartcle equivalent to 

                 Electrons

• Particles with high energy protons

                 Gamma Rays

• Ultimate product of natural radio activity is 

                 Lead

• Positive charged radio active particle

                 Alpha

• Negative charged radio active particle

                 Beta

• Chargeless radio active particle

                 Gamma

• Radium and Polonium firstly isolated by

                 Madam Curie

• Radio active elements used for medicine

                 Iodine 131, Phosphorous 32, Oxygen 15

• Splitting of the nucleus of a heavy element into two or more lighter nuclei is called

                 Nuclear Fission

• Process in which small nuclei are fused together to form a single heavy nucleus is called

                 Nuclear Fusion

• Source of stellar energy (energy from stars)

                 Nuclear Fusion

• Isotop of Hydrogen using for Nuclear fusion

                 Tritium

• Working principle of Hydrogen bomb

                 Nuclear Fusion

• Working principle of Atom bomb

                 Nuclear Fission

• Time interval taken by a radio active element to disintegrate to half of its initial value is known as

                 Half Life

• Average life time of atoms in a radio active substance

                 Mean life

• Half life of Carbon 14 which is using for Carbon dating

                 5730 Years

• Technique used to determine the age of fossils by the decay of radio active carbon present in them 

                 Carbon Dating

• Nuclear Fission was discovered by

                 Ottohan and Frits Strassman

• Atom bomb was discovered by

                 Robert Openheimer

• Hydrogen bomb was discovered by

                 Edward Teller

• Father of Indian Atomic bomb

                 Dr Raja Ramanna

• Age of rocks from moon has been estimated by 

                 Uranium Dating

• Age of caves and sea animals has been estimated by 

                 Uranium-Thorium Dating

• Important raw material used in thermal power plants

                 Coal

• Dating methode used to determine the age archaeological materials like pottery

                 Thermoluminescenece

• Device in which a chain reaction is proceed in a controlled manner

                 Nuclear reactor

• Commonly used fuels in nuclear reactor

                 Uranium 233, Uranium 235, Plutonium 239

• Device used to slow down the neutrons in nuclear reactors

                 Moderator

• Commonly used moderators in nuclear reactors

                 Heavy water, graphite and Berillium oxide

• Device used to remove the heat produced in nuclear reactors

                 Coolants

• Commonly used coolants in nuclear reactors

                 Water, Heavy water, liquid sodium, Carbon dioxide

• Coolant used in high temperature breeder nuclear reactors

                 Liquid sodium

• First nuclear reactor was constructed at 

                 Chicago university in 1942 by Fermi

• First nuclear reactor in India

                 Apsara

• Device used to store electricity

                 Accumulator

• Device used to measure altitude in aeroplanes

                 Altimeter

• Device used to measure strength of electric current

                 Ammeter

• Device used to increase the strength of electric signals

                 Amplifier

• Device used to measure speed of wind and determine direction

                 Anemometer

• Device used to measure intensity of sound

                 Audiometer

• Device used to change or reverse the direction of electricity

                 Commutator

• Device used to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy

                 Dynamo

• Device used to measure the depth of sea

                 Ecosounder, Fathometer

• Device used to detect the presence of electric charge

                 Electroscope

• Device used to detect and measure small electric currents

                 Galvanometer

• Device used to measure dynamics of rotating body

                 Gyroscope

• Device used to show the changes in atmospheric humidity

                 Hygroscope

• Device used to measure density and relative density

                 Hydrometer

• Device used to measure sound under water

                 Hydrophone

• Device used to convert DC into AC

                 Inverter, Oscillator

• Device used to test the purity of milk

                 Lactometer

• Device used to determine the pressure of gas

                 Manometer

• Device used to record distance covered by a vehicle

                 Odometer

• Device used to measure electrical resistance

                 Ohmmeter

• Device used to view above sea level from submarine under water

                 Periscope

• Device used to measure high temperature (like in sun)

                 Pyrometer

• Highly accurate clock used for astronomical observations

                 Quartz clock

• Device used to adjust resistance

                 Rheostat

• Device used to convert AC into DC

                 Rectifier

• Device used to analyze spectrum

                 Spectroscope

• Device used to measure speed of a vehicle

                 Speedometer

• Optical device used to view 2-D objects

                 Stereoscope

• Device used to record speed of shaft in aeroplanes or in boats

                 Tachometer

• Device used to see distant objects

                 Telescope

• Device used to step up or down AC voltage

                 Transformer

• Device used to measure flow of liquids

                 Venturimeter

• Device used to measure potential difference

                 Voltmeter

• Device used to measure power of an electric circuit

                 Wattmeter

• Device used to convert a Physical quantity such as Pressure, Sound etc to electric signal and vice versa

                 Transducer
                                                                                           (To be Continued...)