Kerala Facts 1

കേരളത്തെ കുറിച്ചുള്ള വിവരങ്ങളാണ് ഇനിയുള്ള ക്ലാസ്സുകളിൽ. പരീക്ഷയ്ക്ക് ഇനി ദിവസങ്ങൾ കുറച്ചേ ഉള്ളതിനാലും പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ പരമാവധി ഉൾക്കൊള്ളിക്കേണ്ടതിനാലും ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ കുത്തി നിറച്ചപോലത്തെ ഒരു തോന്നൽ ഉണ്ട്. വേറെ നിവൃത്തി ഇല്ല. 

കേരളത്തിൻറെ അടിസ്ഥാന വിവരങ്ങൾ, ഭൂമിശാസ്ത്രം, പ്രധാന നദികൾ എന്നിവയുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ചോദ്യങ്ങളാണ് ഇന്നത്തെ പാഠത്തിൽ 

• Total area of Kerala

                38,863 Sq Km

• Position of Kerala

                8°17'30"N to 12°47'40"N latitude and 74°27'12"E to 77°27'12"E longitude

• No of block Panchayaths          : 152

• No of grama Panchayaths         : 941

• No of revenue divisions            : 21

• No of taluks                               : 75

• No of corporations                     : 6

• No of Nagara Sabhas                  : 87

• No of legislative constituencies  : 140

• No of SC Constituencies             : 14

• No of ST Constituencies             : 2 (Sulthan Batheri, Mananthavadi)

• Total North South distance of Kerala

                560 Km (Coastal distance 580 Km)

• Position of Kerala among Indian states in Area

                22 (1.18% of total land area)

• Position of Kerala among Indian states in population

                13

• Total length of western ghats

                1600 Km (Pass through Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Kerala)

• Committee studied about environmental impacts of western ghats

                Madhav Gadgil Committee and K Kasthuri Rangan Committee

• Committee appointed by Kerala government to review Kasturirangan Report

                Oomman V Oomman Committee

• Western ghat was declared as UNESCO world heritage site on

                2012 July 1 (39 points including 20 in Kerala are identified as world heritage sites)

• Biological park of Kerala included western ghats

                Agasthyavanam (123 erala Villages environmentally affected as per Kasturirangan report)

• Districts having no border with other states

                Alappuzha, Kottayam, Ernakulam, Kozhikodu (Wayanad sharing boundary with two states)

• No of districts having no costal area

                5 (Kottayam is the only district with no state boundary and costal area)

• Largest Physiographic division in Kerala 

                Highland (48%. Average hight of Highland is 900m. Midland 42%)

• Highest peak in Kerala, Anamudi located in

                Munnar, Devikula Taluk, Idukki (Part of Eravikulam National Park)

• Mountain at the meeting point of Anamalai, Palanimalai and Ealamalai

                Anamudi (Meesappulimala, second highest peak in Kerala\South India. 2640m)

• First biological park of Kerala

                Agasthya hills (1868 m. In Nedumangadu Taluk)

• Agasthyamalai biological reserve was established in

                2001 (in 2015, UNESCO world network of Biosphere reserve)

• Tenth biosphere reserve in India which included in UNESCO's Man and the biosphere program

                Agasthyamala Biosphere reserve

• District with longest coast line

                Kannur (Kollam having shortest. Cherthala is the Taluk having highest coast line)

• Corporation having no coast line

                Thrissur (Longest beach in Kerala, Muzhuppilangadu, Kannur)

• Largest pass in Kerala\Western ghat

                Palakkad Gap (Shortest and widest part in Western Ghat. 16 passes in Western ghat)

• River that flows through Palakkad gap

                Bharathapuzha (NH 544 passes through Palakkad gap)

• National highway passes through Aryankavu gap

                NH 744 (NH 85 passes through Bodynayanoor pass)

• Southern most pass in Kerala

                Aralvaimozhi Pass (Wayanad pass in Kozhikode, Nadukani pass in Malappuram)

• Pass situated in Bandhipur National park

                Perambadi Pass

• Perambadi pass connecting

                Kerala-Coorg

• Palakkad gap           : Palakkadu to Coimbatore

• Thamarassery pass  : Kozhikod to Mysore

• Aryankavu pass       : Punalur to Shenkotta

• Periyaghat pass        : Mananthavadi to Mysore

• Paalchuram              : Wayanad to Kannur

• Bodinayikkannor     : Kochi to Theni

• No of rivers in Kerala

                44 (41 west flowing and 3 east flowing rivers)

• No of rivers in Kerala having more than 100 Km

                11 (Minimum 15 Km length needed to consider as river in Kerala)

• Three east flowing rivers in Kerala

                Kabani, Bhavani and Pambar

• Longest river in Kerala

                Periyar-244 Km (Shortest Manjeswaram river 16Km)

• Longest east flowing river in Kerala

                Kabani (Shortest east flowing river is Pambar)

• Northern most river in Kerala

                Manjeswaram (Southern most river Neyyar)

• Which river is known as lifeline of Kerala

                Periyar (River in Kerala which occupy maximum volume water)

• River in Kerala on which maximum number of dams constructed

                Periyar (River in Kerala having most number of tributaries)

• Major tributaries of Periyar

                Mullayar, Muthirappuzha, Cheruthoniyar, Idamalayar, Perinjankutti river etc

• The tributary first joins Periyar is

                Mullayar (Mullappaeriyar constructed at the meeting place of Mullayar and Periyar)

• Three rivers meeting at Munnar

                Muthirappuzha, Nallathanni and Kundala

• Place where Periyar bifurcates into Marthandan puzha and Mangala puzha

                Aluva (Periyar also called as Aluva Puzha)

• Malayattoor, Kaladi, Aluva Adwaithashrama etc are on the banks of

                Periyar

• River which is called as Poorna by Shankaracharyar

                Periyar (Mentioned as Choorni in Arthashasthra)

• Idukki arch dam is in

                Periyar (River occupies maximum number of hydroelectric projects in Kerala)

• Major hydro electric projects in Periyar

                Pallivasal, Panniyar, Chenkulam, Neriyamangalam, Lower Periyar

• Chenkulam project is in

                Muthirappuzha

• The harbour which was distroyed by the flood in Periyar in AD 1341

                Kodungalloor (Great flood of 99 was occured in Periyar in 1924, Malayalam era 1099)

• Second longest river in Kerala

                Bharathappuzha (209 Km)

• River which is called as Nile of Kerala, Ponnani puzha and Nila

                Bharathappuzha

• River which is called as Perar in ancient times

                Bharathappuzha (Pamba known as Baris in ancient times)

• Bharathappuzha Originated from

                Anamalai and ends at Arabian sea

• Major tributaries of Bharathappuzha

                Gayathrippuzha, Kannadippuzha, Kalppathippuzha and Thoothappuzha

• Which river is known as Chittoor puzha

                Kannadippuzha (It meet Bharathapuzha at Parali, Palakkad)

• Thoothapuzha Originated from

                Silent valley (Kunthippuzha is the major tributary)

• Port at the mouth of Bharathappuzha

                Ponnani

• Biggest dam built in Bharathappuzha

                Malampuzha (Thirunavaya located at the banks of Bharathappuzha)

• Who called Bharathappuzha as Shokanashini puzha

                Thunjath Ramanujan Ezhuthachan

• Birthplace of Ezuthachan, Killikkurissimangalam,Kerala Kalamandalam are on the shores of

                Bharathappuzha

• Mini Pamba plan is related to

                Bharathappuzha (Sabarimala pilgrim related rest place)

• Story writer of Nila

                MT Vasudevan Nair (Poet of Nila : P Kunjiraman Nair)

• Periyar                   : Sivagiri hills           : Vembanad Lake

• Pamba                    : Pulichimalai           : Vembanad Lake

• Chaliar                   : Elambalerikkunnu  : Arabian Sea near Beypur

• Chalakkudi river    : Annamalai              : Periyar\Kodungalloor lake\Arabian Sea

• River which flows through teak forest in Nilambur

                Chaliyar (Kunthippuzha through Silent vally)

• River which flows through Attappadi

                Shiruvani (Pambar through Chinnar, Marayoor forests)

• River which flows through Aaralam Wild life santury

                Cheenkanni puzha (Periyar through Thattekkad Bird Sanctury)

• River which originated from Chimmini wild life santury

                Kurumalippuzha

• Third largest river in Kerala

                Pamba (Fourth Largest Chaliyar)

• Which river is known as Life line of Travancore

                Pamba (Kuttanad-Gift of Pamba)

• Central government program to protect Pamba from Pollution

                Pamba Action Plan

• Sabarimala, Cherukolppuzha Hindu Conension, Maramon Convension etc are on the banks of

                Pamba (Perunthenaruvi water falls is in Pamba)

• Aranmula Boat race, Champakkulam boat race, Rajiv Gandhi boat race etc are held in

                Pamba

• Major tributaries of Pamba

                Achankovil, Kakki, Kallar, Manimalayar, Azhuthayar

• Most polluted river in Kerala

                Chaliyar (Least polluted : Kunthippuzha)

• River which is called as Yellow river in Kerala and Moorad puzha

                Kuttiyadi river (Pamba called as Dakshina Bhageerathi)

• River which is called as Kallayi puzha, Beypur Puzha

                Chaliyar (Chandragiri puzha called as Payaswini)

• First public agitation against water and air pollution in Kerala

                Chaliyar Agitation (lead by KA Rahman)

• In Kerala gold deposits are found along the banks of 

                Chaliyar

• Richest river in fish diversity in India

                Chalakkudi River (Fifth largest river in Kerala)

• Highest waterfall in Kerala

                Athirampally, Chalakkudi river (Vazhachal waterfalls also in Chalakkudi)

• Major tributaries of Chalakkudi river

                Parambikulam, Sholayar, Kuriyakkuttiyar, Karappara

• Hydro electric projects in Chalakkudi river

                Peringalkkuth and Sholayar

• Manjeswaram river originated from

                Balapooni hills (Ends in Uppala Lake)

• River which is called as Thalappadi puzha

                Manjeswaram river

• Neyyar originated from

                Agasthya hills (Ends in Arabian sea)

• Tributaries of Neyyar

                Kallar and Karavaliyar
                                                                                 (To be Continued...)