Physics 1

സയൻസിൽ നിന്ന് മൊത്തത്തിൽ പ്രതീക്ഷിക്കാവുന്നത് പത്ത് മാർക്കിനുള്ള ചോദ്യങ്ങളാണ്. ഫിസിക്‌സ്, കെമിസ്ട്രി, ബയോളജി എന്നീ വിഷയങ്ങളിൽ നിന്ന് കൂടിചേർന്നാണ് ഈ പത്ത് ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ വരുന്നത്. ഒരു വിഷയത്തിൽ നിന്ന് കൂടിപ്പോയാൽ നാല് മാർക്കേ വരാൻ സാധ്യത ഉള്ളൂ എങ്കിലും ആ മാർക്കിന് വളരെയധികം പ്രാധാന്യമുണ്ട്. ഇനി അടുത്ത പതിനഞ്ച് ദിവസം സയൻസിൽ നിന്നുള്ള പാഠങ്ങൾ പഠിക്കാം. ആദ്യം ഫിസിക്സിൽ നിന്നും തുടങ്ങുന്നു.

ദ്രവ്യം, അളവുകൾ, യൂണിറ്റുകൾ തുടങ്ങിയവയാണ് ആദ്യ പാഠത്തിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തിയിരിക്കുന്നത് 

• States of matter are

                (1) Solid, (2) Liquid, (3) Gas, (4) Plasma, (5) Bose Einstein Condensate, (6) Fermionic Condensate, (7) Quark Gluon Plasma

• At ultra high temperature matter exist in

                Plasma state

• Molecules are seen in most irregular form in

                Plasma state

• 99% of matter in the universe exist in

                Plasma state

• As per the Standard model, Elementary particles are divided into

                Fermions and Bosons

• As per the Standard model, Fermions are divided into

                Quarks and Leptons

• As per the Standard model, Bosons are divided into

                Gauge Bosons and Higgs Boson

• No of elementary fermions in Standard model

                12

• Particle made up of Quarks and Gluons are called

                Hadrons

• Hadrons are categorized into

                Mesons and Baryons

• Particles made up of quark-antiquark pair are called 

                Mesons

• Particles made up of 3 quarks are called 

                Baryons

• Most stable form of hadrons are

                Protons and Neutrons

• The term 'God Particle' was first coined by  

                Leon Lederman

• The term 'Boson' was first coined by  

                Paul Dirac

• Bose-Einstein condensate was first predicted by  

                Sathyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein

• Pure Bose-Einstein condensate was first created by  

                Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman

• Super fluid phase formed by bosonic atoms is known as   

                Bose-Einstein condensate

• Super fluid phase formed by fermonic atoms is known as   

                Fermonic condensate

• Equipment used to create Higgs boson and other particles for study   

                Large Hadron Collider (LHC)

• World largest and highest energy particle accelerator 

                LHC at Geneva (Switzerland)

• LHC is operated by   

                CERN

• Energy carriers in the matter are known as

                Bosons

• Bosons which carry electro magnetic force 

                Photons

• Particle which gives the property of mass to the matter is  

                Higgs Boson

• Fundamental particle which is known as 'God Particle'

                Higgs Boson

• Particle which is considered as building blocks of all life

                Higgs Boson

• Higgs Boson was discovered in

                4th July 2012 at CERN

• Unit of which fundamental quantity is same in all measuring systems 

                Time (Unit : Second)

• Globally approved form of unit system

                SI System

• No of basic units in SI system

                7

• 7 basic units in SI system

                Length : Metre (m), Mass : Kilogram (kg), Time : Second (s), Electric current : ampere (A), Temperature : Kelvin (K), Amount of substance : Mole (mol), Luminous intensity : Candela (cd)

• CGS units for fundamental quantities Length, Mass and Time

                Centi Meter, Gram and Second

• FPS units for fundamental quantities Length, Mass and Time

                Foot, Pound and Second

• Parsec is a unit of

                Length (1 Parsec=3.26 light year)

• A physical quantity which has only magnitude but no direction

                Scalar quantity

• Examples of a Scalar quantity

                Mass, Length, Time, Volume, Speed, Energy, Work, Pressure, Density etc

• A physical quantity which has both magnitude and direction

                Vector quantity

• Examples of a Vector quantity

                Velocity, Momentum, Force, Acceleration, Displacement, Torque etc

• Unit of Plane angle

                Radian (Rad)

• Unit of Solid angle

                Steradian (Sr)

• Unit of Celcius temperature

                Degree celcius

• Unit of Energy, Work, Heat

                Joule (J)

• Unit of Force

                Newton (N)

• Unit of Power, Radiant flux

                Watt (W)

• Unit of Illuminance

                Lux (Lx)

• Unit of Electric charge

                Coulomb (C)

• Unit of Resistance

                Ohm

• Unit of Conductance

                Siemens (S)

• Unit of Capacitance

                Farad (F)

• Unit of Inductance

                Henry (H)

• Unit of Pressure, Stress

                Pascal (Pa)

• Unit of Magnetic flux

                Weber (Wb)

• Unit of Radio activity

                Becquerel (Bq)

• Unit of Frequency

                Hertz (Hz)

• Unit of Electric Potential Difference, EMF

                Volt (V)

• Unit of Magentic flux density

                Tesla (T)

• Unit of Luminous flux

                Lumen (Lm)

                                                                                                         (To be Continued...)