Indian Constitution 11

സ്റ്റേറ്റ് എമർജൻസി, സാമ്പത്തിക അടിയന്തിരാവസ്ഥ ഇന്ത്യയിലെ രാഷ്ട്രപതികളുടെ പ്രത്യേകതകൾ എന്നിവയാണ് ഇന്നത്തെ പാഠത്തിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തിയിരിക്കുന്നത് 

• Article dealing with State emergency

                  Article 356

• Reasons for declaring State emergency by president

                  Breakdown of constitutional machinery in the state, Failure of the state to comply with or to give effect to any direction given by the center

• How long will be a State emergency remain without parliamentary approval

                  Two months

• Majority in Parliament needed for approving State emergency

                  Simple Majority

• Majority in Parliament needed for approving National emergency

                  Special Majority

• Who is responsible for the executive and legislative functions of a state under State emergency

                  President

• Who is responsible for the functions of a state High court under State emergency

                  State high court

• State emergency can be extended to a maximum period of

                  Three years (Approval of parliament needed in every six months)

• Whenever President can revoke a State emergency

                  Any time

• First state to undergo State emergency

                  Punjab (1951 June 21)

• First state to undergo Presidential rule by dissolving elected state government using article 356

                  Kerala (1959 July 31)

• The State in which Presidential rule implemented most no of times

                  Manipur

• The State which was under Presidential rule for the longest duration

                  Punjab

• Article dealing with Financial emergency

                  Article 360

• Financial emergency declared by the president must be approved within

                  Two months

• Majority needed for approval of Financial emergency

                  Simply majority

• Emergency for which repeated approval is not needed by the Parliament

                  Financial emergency

• Emergency which is not declared in India so far

                  Financial emergency

• During Financial Emergency, money bills passed by the state should reserve for consideration of

                  President

• During Financial emergency, salary reduction may applicable to

                  All persons serving Union and state including Supreme court and High court Judges

• First President of India

                  Dr Rajendra Prasad

• The only person who become President of India twice

                  Dr Rajendra Prasad

• Longest serving President of India

                  Dr Rajendra Prasad

• Shortest serving President of India

                  Dr Zakir Hussain

• First President of India to win Bharatratna

                  Dr Rajendra Prasad

• First Person to win Bharatratna while in harness

                  Dr S Radhakrishnan

• First Prime Minister of India to win Bharatratna

                  Jawaharlal Nehru

• First Muslim to become President of India

                  Dr Zakir Hussain

• The President who translated Plato's 'Republic' into Urdu language

                  Dr Zakir Hussain

• The first President of India to die in Harness

                  Dr Zakir Hussain

• Second President of India to die in Harness

                  Fakrudin Ali Ahmed

• The President who is known as educational philosopher

                  Dr Zakir Hussain

• The President who is known as Philosopher president

                  Dr S Radhakrishnan

• The President who is known as Bihar Gandhi

                  Dr Rajendra Prasad

• The President who was elected with the largest percentage of votes in the presidential election

                  Dr Rajendra Prasad

• The President who was elected with the highest majority votes in the presidential election

                  K R Narayanan

• The President who was elected with the least majority votes in the presidential election (both in number and in percentage)

                  VV Giri

• In the history of presidential election the only one to get elected after counting second preferential votes

                  VV Giri

• The President who held the post of Governor of Kerala

                  VV Giri
                                                                                              (To be Continued...)