Information Technology and Cyber Law 4

കമ്പ്യൂട്ടറുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട പ്രധാന വ്യക്തികൾ, സോഫ്റ്റ്‌വെയർ, ഹാർഡ്‌വെയർ, ഓപ്പറേറ്റിംഗ് സിസ്റ്റം എന്നിവയുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ചോദ്യങ്ങളാണ് ഇന്നത്തെ പാഠത്തിൽ ഉൾപ്പെട്ടിട്ടുള്ളത്

• Father of Computer

               Charles Babbage

• Father of Computer Science

               Alan Turing

• Father of Information Technology

               Claude Shannon

• Father of Information Technology in India

               Rajiv Gandhi

• Father of Internet

               Vinton Cerf

• Father of free software\ Founder of free software movement

               Richard Stallman

• Father of super computer

               Seymur Cray

• Father of Indian super computer

               Dr. Vijay P Bhatkar

• Father of Artificial Intelligence

               John McCarthy

• Physical equipments and components of a computer that can be seen and touched

               Hardware (Eg : Mother board, Keyboard, Mouse, Printer)

• Printed circuit board (PCB) that contains electronic component systems such as CPU, network card etc

               Mother Board

• Set of instructions given to computer written in particular language to control and coordinate computer hardwares

               Software

• People who develop software are known as 

               Programmers

• First computer programmer

               Ada Lovelace

• Softwares that designed to run hardware and application programs of computer is called

               System software

• Examples of system softwares

               Operating system, Utility software, device drivers etc

• Softwares that designed to help the user to perform specific tasks

               Application Softwares

• Examples of application softwares

               MS Office, Media players, Tally etc

• The term "free software" was coined by

               Richard Stallman

• Software which does not give user freedom to study, modify and share the software

               Proprietary Software (Eg : MS Windows, Tally)

• Proprietary Software which provided to users only for a limited period of time on a trial basis

               Shareware (Trialware)

• Software which give user freedom to study, modify and share the software

               Free\Open source Software (Eg : Linux, Firefox, Python)

• Autonomous institution under the Govt. of Kerala with the objective of co-ordinating free and open source software initiatives withing Kerala

               ICFOSS (International Centre for Free and Ope Source Software)

• Combination of software and hardware is known as

               Firmware

• Computer chips that have programs recorded on them are known as 

               BIOS (Basic Input\output system)

• Type of software which are copyrighted but still can be used for free

               Freeware

• Software which available on hardware is known as

               Firmware

• Examples of firmwares

               ROM, EPROM, Flash memory

• Firmware is stored in

               ROM

• Collection of programs which control the overall operations of the computer

               Operating System

• Which is acting as an interface between computer hardware and user

               Operating System

• Important operating systems are

               DOS, Linux, Windows, Mac OS, Unix, Ubuntu etc

• Windows OS was deveoped by

               Microsoft

• Founders of Microsoft

               Bill Gates and Paul Allen

• First version of Windows

               Windows 1.0

• Windows operating system for mobile phones

               Windows mobile

• Android operating system was developed by

               Google

• Versions of Android

               Cupcake, Sandwich, Gingerbread, Jelly Bean, Kitkat, Lolipop, Marshmallow, Nougat

• Latest version of Android

               Oreo

• First chat operating system in the world

               Flock OS

• Linux OS was developed by

               Linus Benedict Torvalds

• First fully supported 64-bit OS

               Linux

• Mac OC (Macintosh OS) was developed by

               Apple

• Versions of Mac OS

               Leopard, Snow leopard, Mountain Lion, Mavericks

• OS in which assembly language was first used

               UNIX

• Unix associated OS developed by IBM

               AIX

• Process of loading OS in the memory when computer is switched ON is called

               Booting

• Latest version of Windows OS

               Windows 10
                                                                                          (To be Continued...)